New Delhi: Avian Influenza (AI) viruses have been circulating worldwide for hundreds of years with 4 recognized main outbreaks recorded within the final century. India notified the primary outbreak of avian influenza in 2006. Infection in people isn’t but reported in India although the illness is zoonotic. There isn’t any direct proof that AI viruses might be transmitted to people by way of the consumption of contaminated poultry merchandise. Implementing administration practices that incorporate bio safety ideas, private hygiene, and cleansing and disinfection protocols, in addition to cooking and processing requirements, are efficient technique of controlling the unfold of the AI viruses.
In India, the illness spreads primarily by migratory birds coming into India throughout winter months i.e. from September – October to February – March. The secondary unfold by human dealing with (by means of fomites) can’t be dominated out.
In view of a menace of worldwide outbreak of AI, the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying (DAHD), Government of India had ready an motion plan in 2005 which was revised in 2006, 2012 , 2015 and 2021 for steering of State Government for prevention, management and containment of Avian Influenza within the Country (refer DAHD web site https://dahd.nic.in/sites/default/filess/Action%20Plan%20-%20as%20on23.3.15.docx-final.pdf10.pdf).
Following post-operation surveillance plan (POSP) after completion of Avian Influenza outbreak management in 2020 and containment operation at completely different epicenters, the nation freedom from AI was declared w.e.f. thirtieth September 2020.
In view of the previous expertise concerning the studies of the illness in winter season, periodic advisories have been issued to all states/UTs earlier than graduation of winter for conserving vital vigil, enhancing surveillance, conserving strategic reserves of provides (PPE kits, and many others.), preparedness to deal with eventualities and IEC for public consciousness. Other assist supplied by the Department to the States/UTs embody
Technical assist from referral lab i.e. ICAR-NIHSAD, Bhopal
Funding assist to States/UTs to undertake culling and compensation
Funding to states below ASCAD scheme
Training of veterinary work pressure
Support for strengthening RDDLs / CDDL
The final preparatory advisory / communication was issued to all States/UTs on 22.10.2020.
Present outbreak
After affirmation of optimistic samples from ICAR-NIHSAD, AI has been reported from the next States (at 12 epicentres) –
Rajasthan(crow) – Baran, Kota, Jhalawar
Madhya Pradesh(crow) – Mandsaur, Indore, Malwa
Himachal Pradesh (migratory birds) – Kangra
Kerala (poultry-duck) – Kottayam, Allapuzha (4 epicentres)
Accordingly, an advisory has been issued every to the States of Rajasthan and MP on 1st January 2021, in order to keep away from additional unfold of the an infection. As per the knowledge obtained from State of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan management measures is being taken as per the rules of National Action Plan of Avian Influenza. Another advisory has been issued on fifth January, 2021 to HP the place the State has been suggested to take measures in order to keep away from additional unfold of illness to poultry. As per the report obtained, Kerala has already initiated management and containment operations from 05.01.20121 at epicentres and culling course of is in operation.
Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying, Government of India has additionally arrange a management room in New Delhi to maintain watch on the state of affairs and to take inventory on each day foundation of preventive and management measures undertaken by State authorities.
The measures recommended to the affected States to comprise the illness and stop additional unfold as per the Action Plan on Avian Influenza embody strengthening the biosecurity of poultry farms, disinfection of affected areas, correct disposal of useless birds/carcasses, well timed assortment and submission of samples for affirmation and additional surveillance, intensification of surveillance plan in addition to the final tips for prevention of illness unfold from affected birds to poultry and human. Coordination with forest division for reporting any uncommon mortality of birds was additionally recommended to the States. The different states have been additionally requested to maintain a vigil on any uncommon mortality amongst birds and to report instantly to take vital measures.
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