In a strategic move to combat severe air pollution, Delhi has conducted two consecutive cloud seeding operations. This advanced weather modification science, managed by a team from IIT Kanpur, was initiated following a notable worsening of the city’s Air Quality Index (AQI).
The methodology of cloud seeding involves dispersing specific particles, such as silver iodide, into clouds via aircraft to promote precipitation. The recent sorties departed from Kanpur and Meerut, covering key locations across Delhi and its periphery. Each operation lasted approximately 1.5 hours, during which eight 0.5 kg flares were released, dispersing a specialized mixture designed to enhance rainfall potential. The humidity in the targeted clouds, while noted as being on the lower side at 15-20%, was deemed sufficient for a scientific trial.
Preliminary findings from 20 air quality monitoring sites across the city suggest a positive impact on pollution levels. Post-operation, PM2.5 concentrations showed a reduction, falling from levels like 221 ug/m³ to 207 ug/m³ in Mayur Vihar. Similarly, PM10 levels decreased from 207 ug/m³ to 177 ug/m³ in the same area. These improvements are largely attributed to the effects of the cloud seeding particles on cloud moisture and subsequent particle settling, especially given the minimal wind conditions.
However, the desired outcome of significant rainfall has yet to be achieved. Experts point to the limited moisture content within the existing clouds as the primary reason. Despite these challenges, the trials are providing valuable data and enhancing the team’s confidence in the cloud seeding approach. Further flights are scheduled, including two more on Wednesday, alongside plans for a third full round of operations, demonstrating a continued commitment to exploring artificial rain as a solution for Delhi’s air quality challenges.