Smog in Delhi: China’s Anti-Pollution Strategy Offers Hope

As Delhi grapples with unprecedented air pollution, with its AQI reaching a hazardous 764, a comparison with Beijing’s air quality offers critical insights. Beijing’s peak AQI of 236, while still concerning, is considerably better than Delhi’s critical levels, highlighting a significant policy gap. Both capitals are dynamic economic engines, but Delhi’s pollution crisis is far more acute, with historical peaks reaching extreme highs. The pervasive PM2.5 and PM10 particles pose a grave threat to public health, contributing to a rise in respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and significantly impacting life expectancy. India’s disproportionate representation in global pollution statistics, with many of its cities featuring prominently, underscores the urgency. Delhi’s pollution problem intensifies between October and February, driven by a combination of vehicular and industrial emissions, construction dust, agricultural stubble burning, and weather phenomena that trap airborne pollutants. Beijing’s successful “war on pollution” provides a powerful case study. This long-term, comprehensive strategy involved stringent government mandates, massive investment in green technologies, and coordinated efforts across regions. Key achievements include the closure of polluting factories, the elimination of coal power plants, and a significant push towards electric vehicles and clean energy. Extensive real-time air quality monitoring and transparent data sharing were crucial for public engagement and accountability. Regional collaboration with neighboring provinces was vital in addressing the sources of pollution collectively. Delhi has initiated several measures, including temporary restrictions on vehicle usage, bans on certain pollutants, and efforts to enhance public transport and promote electric mobility. While these steps are important, the success of Beijing’s approach suggests that a more sustained, multi-faceted, and regionally integrated strategy is essential. Delhi must learn from Beijing’s blueprint to effectively combat its air pollution crisis and ensure a healthier future for its millions of residents.