A major constitutional overhaul has been approved by Pakistan’s parliament, granting lifetime legal immunity to the army chief and enhancing their authority, while concurrently reducing the Supreme Court’s influence. This significant legislative development has drawn severe criticism from opposition parties, who argue it undermines the nation’s democratic fabric and judicial independence. The 27th Constitutional Amendment Bill easily passed the National Assembly with a substantial two-thirds majority, mirroring its earlier passage in the Senate. The bill is now poised for presidential approval. A central feature of the amendment is the elevation of the Chief of Army Staff (COAS) to the newly created position of Chief of Defence Forces (CDF). This change officially places the army chief in command of all three military branches – army, navy, and air force – making them the supreme head of national defense. This constitutional amendment grants General Asim Munir, the current army chief, a vastly expanded mandate and authority beyond that of his predecessors. Furthermore, honorary military titles, such as Field Marshal, will now be recognized as permanent, lifetime designations. The amendment also introduces a Federal Constitutional Court (FCC) dedicated to constitutional matters, thereby limiting the Supreme Court’s jurisdiction. The government will be responsible for appointing the judges of this new court, ensuring its distinct operational status. The title of Chief Justice of Pakistan will be redefined, with the senior-most judge from either the Supreme Court or the FCC assuming the role. A crucial provision prevents the FCC from adjudicating high treason cases, a clause that opponents believe shields the military and state institutions from accountability. Opposition lawmakers have protested the bill, accusing the government of compromising democratic principles, while the Prime Minister has praised the vote for its demonstration of unity.
